نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد سازه های آبی، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام‌خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

استفاده از لوله برای انتقال آب، به ­جای شبکه­ های روباز، یکی از گزینه های انتقال آب است که امروزه در حال گسترش می­ باشد. این نوع انتقال آب با لوله عموماً با فشار کمتر از 1/5 اتمسفر همراه است و به‌نام انتقال آب در خطوط لولۀ کم ­فشار شناخته می­ شود. انتقال آب با لوله­ های کم فشار می ­تواند تا حد زیادی از تلفات بی رویۀ آب آبیاری جلوگیری کند. در این تحقیق، عملکرد نوعی شیرفلکۀ خودکار تنظیم دبی برای تحویل حجمی آب به‌صورت آزمایشگاهی بررسی شده است. این ابزار بدون استفاده از تمهیدات الکترونیکی و تنها با انجام برخی اقدام­ های مکانیکی می­تواند برای تحویل آب به‌صورت حجمی در خطوط انتقال آب در شبکه ­های کم ­فشار استفاده شود. برای این منظور، شیر­های کنترل 5 و 10 لیتر بر ثانیه به‌ترتیب در محدودۀ فشار کارکرد 1 تا 10 متر و 3 تا 15 متر طراحی و ساخته شدند. با جایگذاری شیرفلکه­ ها در خطوط انتقال آب انتهاباز و انتهابسته، ضمن ایجاد نوسان­ های فشار در بالادست و پایین­ دست خط انتقال، عملکرد شیر­های کنترل دبی در توزیع جریان به‌صورت آزمایشگاهی بررسی و نشان داده ­شد که با وقوع نوسان های فشار در نقاط مختلف شبکه­ های انتها­باز و انتهابسته، میانگین دبی عبور یافته از شیرهای کنترل 5 و 10 لیتر بر ثانیه به‌ترتیب برابر با 5/4 و 9/9 لیتر بر ثانیه است. این امر نشان می­دهد که شیر­ خودکار کنترل دبی قادر است بدون حساسیت نسبت به تغییرات فشار در شبکه­های انتقال آب کم فشار، دبی تقریباً ثابتی به بهره­ برداران تحویل دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Experimental study on Automatic Valve Control Performance in Water Pipelines

نویسندگان [English]

  • Narges Mehri 1
  • Mohammad Bijankhan 2

1 Water sciences and Eng. Dep., Faculty of agriculture and natural resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran

2 Assistant Professor. Water Sciences and Engineering Department, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran. Email: Email: bijankhan@eng.ikiu.ac.ir

چکیده [English]

Extended Abstract
 
Introduction
Using pipelines instead of open channels for conveying water is getting much important recently. This type of pipe-water transfer, which is associated with a pressure below 15 meters, is known as low-pressure pipelines. Transfer of water through low pressure pipes can greatly prevent unnecessary losses of irrigation water. In this study, the application of a kind of volumetric water delivery structure known as discharge control valve was investigated. This instrument is used without implementing electronic facilities for water delivery in low pressurized pipe networks. For this purpose, two valves of the design discharges of 5 and 10 l/s are fabricated based on the design guidelines available in the literature. Their performances are experimentally tested in closed and open ended irrigation networks. The result showed that the valves of the design discharges of 5 and 10 l/s are not sensitive to pressure fluctuations in low pressurized networks and can deliver water with an almost constant discharge.

Methodology
This study presents an experimental approach of the application of discharge control valve for fairly water distribution in low pressurized irrigation networks. According to Table.1, four scenarios were defined to evaluate the performance of the flow control valves. Therefore, two experimental setups of open and closed ended networks were constructed in hydraulic laboratory of Imam Khomeini Intentional University, IKIU. Flow control valves of the design discharges of 5 and 10 l/s were installed in the water conveyance pipelines. Then, applying pressure changes at either upstream or downstream of the valves their performances were evaluated experimentally.
 
Results and Discussion
According to Table.2, it is concluded that the control discharge valves with the design discharge of 5 and 10 l/s can be used successfully to achieve the goal of volumetric water delivery. In all tested scenarios the delivered water deviates less than almost 10% compared to the associated design values. Consequently, an automatic discharge control valve can be implemented in a network to achieve a reasonable water uniformity which is irrespective to both sources and locations of the pressure fluctuations.
 
 
Conclusions
Fairly water distribution is an important issue in the irrigation section. In this research, the application of a flow control valve is investigated to improve uniform flow distribution in irrigation networks. Discharge control valves were installed in open and closed-ended pipe networks. According to the experimental results, it was found that the discharge control valves of the design discharges of 5 and 10 l/s deliver average discharges of 5.35 and 9.89 l/s respectively. The results indicated that the constructed control valves can be used effectively to deliver an almost constant discharge which is irrespective to the pressure fluctuations.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fairly Water Distribution
  • Low Pressurized Irrigation networks
  • Volumetric water Delivery
Alandi, P. P., Pérez, P. C., Fernando, J., Álvarez, O., Ángel, M., Hidalgo, M., & Martín-Benito, J. M. T. (2005). Pumping selection and regulation for water-distribution networks. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 131, 273-281.
 
Atashparvar, S., Bijankhan, M., & Mahdavi Mazdeh, A. (2019). application of constant flow rate control valve in pump discharge regulation. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 145(7), https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001393.
 
Belaud, G., Mateos, L., Aliod, R., Buisson, M., Faci, E., Gendre, S., & Ghinassi, G. (2019). Irrigation and energy: Issues and challenges. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 69(S1), 177-185.
 
Bos. (1989). “Discharge measurement structures.”
 
Farmani, R., Abadia, R., & Savic, D. (2007). “Optimum Design and Management of Pressurized Branched Irrigation Networks.” Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 133(December), 528–537.
 
Güngör, M., Yarar, U., Cantürk, Ü., & Mahmut, F. (2019). “Increasing Performance of Water Distribution Network by Using Pressure Management and Database Integration.” 10(2), 1–8.
 
Labye, Y., Olson, M. A., Galand, A., & Tsiourtis, N. (1988). “Design and optimization of irrigation distribution networks.” FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper (FAO), FAO.
 
Lozano, D., & Mateos, L. (2008). “Usefulness and limitations of decision support systems for improving irrigation scheme management.” Elsevier, 95, 409–418.
 
Merriam, J. L., Styles, S. W., & Freeman, B. J. (2007). “Flexible Irrigation Systems: Concept, Design, and Application.” Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 133(1), 2–11.
 
Rezazadeh, P., Bijankhan, M., & Mahdavi Mazdeh, A. (2019). “An Experimental study on a flow control device applicable in pressurized networks.” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Elsevier Ltd.
 
Zhang, X., & Wang, D. (2015). “A flow control device for incompressible fluids.” Flow Measurement and Instrumentation, Elsevier.